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110 kV输电线路复合绝缘子故障分析

来源:电工电气发布时间:2026-01-26 09:26浏览次数:2

110 kV输电线路复合绝缘子故障分析

张睿清1,叶昊亮2,丁同臻3,敬强3,孙亦恺4,陶瑞祥2,赵璐旻2
(1 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州市余杭区供电公司,浙江 杭州 311100;
2 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,浙江 杭州 310014;
3 国网浙江省电力有限公司舟山供电公司,浙江 舟山 316021;
4 台州学院 智能制造学院,浙江 台州 318000)
 
    摘 要:在复杂的户外工作环境下,尤其是南方沿海地区的输电线路上,由于污秽爬电、高温高湿、护套老化等因素影响,部分复合绝缘子存在表面积污、伞裙硬化与脆化、护套受损等缺陷。结合同一条 110 kV 输电线路相邻杆塔发生的两起绝缘子击穿事件,对线路绝缘子进行了外观检查、憎水性测试、盐密测试、水扩散试验、耐漏电起痕试验及剖检,分析了复合绝缘子的放电闪络原因与击穿过程。结果表明,两处复合绝缘子均处于沿海盐雾环境,护套材料耐漏电起痕能力下降,在表面泄漏电流作用下逐步发生电蚀,破坏护套、芯棒外露,随着时间发展,缺陷长度增长,最终导致击穿。给出了后续沿海输电线路复合绝缘子的运维意见。
    关键词: 复合绝缘子;界面击穿;放电闪络;沿海输电线路;盐雾环境
    中图分类号:TM216 ;TM726     文献标识码:B     文章编号:2097-6623(2026)01-0051-05
 
Composite Insulators Fault Analysis in 110 kV Transmission Line
 
ZHANG Rui-qing1, YE Hao-liang2, DING Tong-zhen3, JING Qiang3, SUN Yi-kai4, TAO Rui-xiang2, ZHAO Lu-min2
(1 State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.,Ltd. Hangzhou Yuhang District Power Supply Company, Hangzhou 311100, China;
2 State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.,Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, Hangzhou 310014, China;
3 State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.,Ltd. Zhoushan Power Supply Company, Zhoushan 316021, China;
4 School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China)
 
    Abstract: In complex outdoor working environments, especially on transmission lines in the southern coastal areas, due to factors such as contamination and creepage, high temperature and humidity, and aging of the sheath, some composite insulators have defects such as surface contamination, hardening and embrittlement of the umbrella skirt, and damage to the sheath. In this paper, based on two insulator breakdown events that occurred on adjacent towers of the same 110 kV transmission line, the line insulators were subject to appearance inspection, hydrophobicity test, salt density test, water diffusion test, tracking resistance test and profile inspection.The causes of discharge flashover and breakdown process of the composite insulators were analyzed. The results show that both composite insulators are in a coastal salt spray environment,the resistance of the sheath material to leakage tracking decreases. Under the action of surface leakage current, electrical erosion gradually occurs, damaging the sheath and exposing the core rod. With the passage of time, the defect length increases, eventually leading to breakdown. The operation and maintenance opinions for the subsequent composite insulators of coastal transmission lines were provided.
    Key words: composite insulator; interface breakdown; discharge flashover; coastal transmission line; salt spray environment
 
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