光伏MPPT自适应策略研究及评估
卢晓光1,李凤格2,刘伟鹏3,卢利军1
(1 河南许继仪表有限公司,河南 许昌 461000;
2 许昌智能继电器股份有限公司,河南 许昌 461000;
3 河南许继电力电子有限公司,河南 许昌 461000)
摘 要:光伏电池最大功率点追踪(MPPT)算法种类繁多,但现有产品追踪能力弱,控制过程追踪速度和稳态精度不能兼顾。搭建了光伏电池模型并进行仿真,寻找光伏电池对环境变化的响应特性,并通过响应特性寻找光伏电池达到 MPPT 状态的电压给定条件及给定趋势,进而掌握 MPPT 控制机理。选择扰动法 MPPT 技术搭建整体光伏系统仿真模型,总结了扰动法对响应速度及稳态波动上的控制矛盾。设计了自适应扰动法 MPPT 控制策略并完成仿真模型搭建及仿真评估,结果表明,自适应扰动法 MPPT 控制能提高响应速度50%,稳态波动减少77.5%,且实现简单不需要附加测量设备及提高控制器性能。
关键词: 光伏发电;光伏电池;自适应扰动法;最大功率点追踪;响应特性;稳态波动
中图分类号:TM615 ;TM914.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1007-3175(2024)12-0048-06
Research and Evaluation of Adaptive Strategies for Photovoltaic MPPT
LU Xiao-guang1, LI Feng-ge2, LIU Wei-peng3, LU Li-jun1
(1 Henan XJ Metering Co., Ltd, Xuchang 461000, China;
2 Xu Chang Intelligent Relay Co., Ltd, Xuchang 461000, China;
3 Henan XJ Power Electronics Co., Ltd, Xuchang 461000, China)
Abstract: There are numerous maximum power point tracking(MPPT) algorithms for photovoltaic (PV) cells, but existing products exhibit weak tracking capabilities, failing to balance tracking speed and steady-state accuracy during the control process.Based on this, a PV cell model is built and simulated to find the response characteristics of PV cells to environmental changes, and through the response characteristics to find the voltage given conditions and trends of PV cells to reach the MPPT state, so as to grasp the MPPT control mechanism. Selecting the perturbation method MPPT technology to build the overall PV system simulation model, and summarize the perturbation method on the response speed and steady state fluctuations on the control contradictions. The adaptive perturbation method MPPT control strategy is designed and the simulation model construction and simulation evaluation are completed, and the results show that the adaptive perturbation method MPPT control can improve the response speed by 50%, the steady state fluctuation is reduced by 77.5%, and the realization is simple without the need for additional measurement equipment and improve the performance of the controller.
Key words: photovoltaic power generation; photovoltaic cell; adaptive perturbation method; maximum power point tracking; response characteristic; steady state fluctuation
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