火灾监测及预警技术在风力发电机组上的研究及应用
窦才
(辽宁大唐国际新能源有限公司,辽宁 沈阳 110002)
摘 要:风力发电机组因其特殊的结构与运行环境,面临着较高的火灾风险,合理应用火灾监测及预警技术,对保障风力发电机组安全稳定运行具有重要意义。根据风力发电机组火灾风险点和火灾特点,对比主流的火灾监测及预警技术,分析现有监测和预警技术短板,提出多参数融合监测、环境自适应抗干扰算法、“监测—预警—控制”一体化联动系统三大改进方案。通过 FDS 软件搭建电气柜灭火模型进行仿真验证,并在沈阳某风电场 1.5 MW 机组上开展应用测试。结果表明,该改进方案可提升预警稳定性与有效性,显著降低误报率,同时实现与机组应急动作的协同,为风电机组安全运行提供技术支撑。
关键词: 风力发电机组;火灾监测;预警技术;温度监测;气体监测;烟雾监测
中图分类号:TM614 ;TP212.9 文献标识码:B 文章编号:2097-6623(2026)02-0037-05
Research and Application of Fire Monitoring and
Early Warning Technology for Wind Turbines
DOU Cai
(Liaoning Datang International New Energy Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110002, China)
Abstract: Wind turbines face a high fire risk due to their special structure and operating environment. The rational application of fire monitoring and early warning technology is of great significance to ensure the safe and stable operation of wind turbines. Based on the fire risk points and fire characteristics of wind turbines, this paper compares the mainstream fire monitoring and early warning technologies, analyzes the shortcomings of the existing ones, and puts forward three improvement schemes: multi-sensor fusion monitoring, environment-adaptive anti-interference algorithm, and integrated linkage system of "monitoring—warning—control". A fire extinguishing model for electrical cabinets was built and verified by simulation using FDS software, and application tests were carried out on a 1.5 MW unit at a wind farm in Shenyang. The results show that the improved scheme can enhance the stability and effectiveness of early warning, significantly reduce the false alarm rate, and realize coordination with the emergency actions of the unit at the same time, providing technical support for the safe operation of wind turbines.
Key words: wind turbine; fire monitoring; early warning technology; temperature monitoring; gas monitoring; smoke monitoring
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