35 kV绝缘管型母线接地故障分析与防范措施
许洪华，张鹏，赵阳，李喆，袁杰
(中国石油天然气股份有限公司广西石化分公司，广西 钦州 535008)
摘 要 ：绝缘管型母线是电力输变电系统中用于导体连接的关键设备，但若管母存在绝缘缺陷、设备工艺缺陷、环境因素及运维不当等原因，将会导致管母绝缘击穿，进而造成大面积停电事故。以一起220 kV 变电站主变 35 kV 侧绝缘管型母线接地短路故障为研究对象，系统分析了故障时序、保护动作逻辑及放电特征，并揭示了绝缘管型母线由隐性缺陷引发的绝缘渐进劣化，最终导致击穿的故障机理。为防范此类故障，提出了融合局部放电在线监测、介质损耗实时检测、绝缘电阻趋势分析及温度监控的多参数综合诊断方案，并结合分级维护策略，增强缺陷早期识别与风险管控能力，为高压配电系统中绝缘管型母线的运行维护与故障预防提供了参考。
关键词 ： 绝缘管型母线 ；绝缘击穿 ；接地短路故障 ；局部放电 ；介质损耗 ；绝缘电阻
中图分类号 ：TM645.1+1 文献标识码 ：B 文章编号 ：2097-6623(2026)10-0045-06
35 kV Insulated Tubular Busbar Grounding Fault Analysis and
Prevention Measures
XU Hong-hua, ZHANG Peng, ZHAO Yang, LI Zhe, YUAN Jie
（ PetroChina Guangxi Petrochemical Company, Qinzhou 535008, China）
Abstract: Insulated tubular busbars are key equipment for conductor connection in power transmission and substation systems. However,insulation defects, manufacturing process flaws, adverse environmental conditions and improper operation and maintenance can cause insulation breakdown of tubular busbars, further resulting in large-scale power outages. Taking a grounding short-circuit fault of the insulated tubular busbar on the 35 kV side of the main transformer in a 220 kV substation as the research object, this paper systematically analyzes the fault time sequence, protection operation logic and discharge characteristics, and reveals the fault mechanism of insulated tubular busbars, in which latent defects induce gradual insulation deterioration and eventually lead to insulation breakdown. To prevent such faults, a multi-parameter comprehensive diagnosis scheme integrating online partial discharge monitoring, real-time dielectric loss detection, insulation resistance trend analysis and temperature monitoring is proposed. Combined with a hierarchical maintenance strategy, the scheme improves the capabilities of early defect identification and risk control, providing a reference for the operation, maintenance and fault prevention of insulated tubular busbars in high-voltage power distribution systems.
Key words: insulated tubular busbar; insulation breakdown; grounding short-circuit fault; partial discharge; dielectric loss; insulation resistance
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